Improvement in base-burning stoves and furnaces



PATENT OFFICE.

CLARK B. GREGORY, OF BEVERLY, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN BASE-BURNING STOVES AND FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 121,361, dated November 28, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, CLARK B. GREGORY, of Beverly, county of Burlington, State 0f New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification:

My invention consists of a furnace constructed in the peculiar manner too fully described hereafter to need preliminary description, for the purpose of obtaining an intensely-hot and smokeless name, which renders the furnace applicable to a variety of uses.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of my improved furnace for stoves, heaters, steam-boilers, 8vo.; Fig. 2, a front view of the same; Fig. 3, a sectional plan on the line l 2, Fig. l, of one half of the furnace; Fig. 4, a vertical section on the line 3 4., Fig. 3; Fig-5, a top view of one half of the furnace.; and Fig. 6, a view of the front tile of tirelire-place.

It should be understood in the outset that the upper portion of Figs. 1 and 2 from the linew to the line y forms no part of my present invention, but has been here introduced simply to illustrate the application of my furnace to a heating-stove.

The furnace is contained within a casing composed of opposite side plates A A, front plate B, and rear plate D, Fig. 3, the two latter plates being, in the present instance, inclined, as shown in Fig. l. Resting against the inside of the front plate B, and bearing on the bottom plate G of the furnace, is a lire-brick tile, E, and a similar tile is arranged against the inside of each of the side plates. At the rear of the stove is a fuel-magazine, F, which I prefer to make of the curved form represented in Fig. l. This magazine is furnished at the top with a cover, a, and its upper portion is separated by a partition, b, into two compartments, d and d', the partition being arranged to slide in grooves so that it can be withdrawn when not required. The magazine projects a short distance through the back'plate D, and from the lower edge m, Fig. l, of the magazine to or nearly to the lining E extends a curved grate, H, hinged at the upper end, so that it can be elevated to the position shown in Fig. l, or depressed, -as shown in Fig. et. The grate H rests A with its lower edge on and is controlled by an additional grate, I, which, by means of arod, e, can be moved horizontally to and fro on the bottom plate G, the grate H being elevated when the supplementary grate is moved forward, and deopening is provided with a suitable door, p.

pressed when the latter grate is moved rearward An angular plate, f, extends across the casing, and, with the portion e', Fig. 1, of the magazine, incloses an ainchambeigh, of which an elongated opening, j, is the outlet, into the combustionchamber J, into which there is also another' outlet, k, for the air opposite the outletj. Against the angular plate j' bears a slab, M, of fire-brick, which extends across or nearly across the combustiOnchamber, and immediately opposite this slab is another slab, M', which can be adjusted nearer to or further from the slab M, so as to increase or diminish the width of the elongated opening between the two, as circumstances may require. In front of the furnace there is an opening, n, into the combustionchamber, and this The air admitted to the above-mentioned chamber 71j must first pass through aregistei-,N,into the chamber q, from whence a portion will take its course through passages s s,formed in or on the opposite side plates of thefurnace, into the said chamber h. Another portion of the air from the chamber q passes between the front plate B of the furnace and the tile E through grooves formed in the latter, as shown in Fig. 6, the air finallyescaping through the above-mentioned outlet-opening k. Coal of a large size is placed within the compartment d of the magazine, and coal of a smaller size in the compartment d, so that the larger coal may always be on the grate and the smaller coal above the larger coal. By this arrangement accumulation of ashes on the grate is prevented and a free passage of air through the fuel insured. The top of the fuel extends to about the dotted line w w, and as the fuelis consumed the combustionp chamber is constantly replenished by the descent of the supply in the magazine, the ashes being forced against the tile E by the weight of the fuel in the magazine, and these ashes falling down through the grate, and being aided in their descent, if necessary, by a slight movement ofthe supplementary grate l, which causes the agitation of the lower end ofthe grate H. It will be seen that the grate H is a continuation of the curved rear of the magazine, and consequentlypresents no impediment to the gradual descent ofthe fuel toward the tile E; on the contrary, the grate, by its inclination, induces the descent of the fuel. It may be remarked that the partition b of the magazine is not indispensable, and that it may be removed when there is only one kind of fuel athand. rEhe fuel havin g been ignited the air from below will pass freely through the grate and upward through the mass of fuel toward the space o, between the two slabs M and Mf, at the same time volumes or j ets of heated air escape through the opposite exit-openings j and 7c, near the surface of the fuel; and so effective are these volumes of air at this point that when the lining of the furnace and the slabs M and M become heated a ame of intense heat and free from smoke will escape through the space fu between the slabs, and this name may be increased or diminished in volume by the adjustment of the slab M.

In an experimenta-l furnace which I have applied to a stove in the manner illustrated in the drawing the iiame reached an altitude of about two feet above the slabs M and M', the opening v between these slabs being ten inches long, and the ame of the same extent.

Although my invention is illustrated in the drawing as applied to a heating-stove, it will be understood that it is equally applicable to a cooking-stove, to a heater, or to a steam-boiler furnace. In fact my invention may be termed a burner applicable to any purpose which demands intense heat. The burner may be even applied to the smelting of ores or melting of metals.y

It will be evident that while the main characteristics of the burner are preserved the form of the furnace admits of many modifications. The

form of the furnace in fact will depend in a great measure on the use to which it is to be applied. There may be two or more contracted openings o at the top of the furnace between the slabs, which may be made of iron.

I claim as my invention-d 1. A furnace in which air passes through a mass of ignited fuel contained in a combustionchamber at the base of a fuel-magazine, and in which the products of combustion are met at or near the surface of the ignited fuel with jets or volumes of air which pass with the said products of combustion to a contracted opening or openings at the top of the combustion-chamber, all substantially as set forth.

2. The slabs M and M', situated at the top of the combustion-chamber, one or both of the said slabs being adjustable for the purpose specified.

3. The arrangement substantially as described, of the combustion-chamber J, with its contracted opening, the magazine F, tile E, and grate H.

4. The combination of a reservoir, F, and a chamber formed by the front plate E and side plates A A, when the said chamber is provided with a falling grate hinged at the rea-r, and so arranged as to support a body of fuel between the plate E and the reservoir, as specified.

5. The magazine, separated into two compartments by a partition b, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the hinged grate H with the supplementary sliding grate I or its equivelent, operating as set forth.

In testimony whereof' I have signed my name to this specication in the presence of two sub` scribing witnesses.

CLARK B. GREGORY.

Witnesses:

CLARENCE O. EATON.

HARRY SMrrH. (154) 

